Blaise Pascal
1623–1662
Invented the calculating machine and the wager; died at thirty-nine
Church of Saint-Étienne-du-Mont, Paris
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1789 · a prison with seven inmates and the start of a revolution
A crowd of about a thousand Parisians attacked the royal fortress on the eastern edge of the city, looking less for prisoners than for the gunpowder stored inside. Fewer than a hundred attackers were killed; the governor was seized and beheaded in the street.
Only seven prisoners were found. The building was demolished within months and its stones sold as souvenirs. The outline of one tower is marked in a different paving in the square, and 14 July became the French national day.
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1623–1662
Invented the calculating machine and the wager; died at thirty-nine
Church of Saint-Étienne-du-Mont, Paris
1927–2017
Auschwitz survivor, minister, first president of the European Parliament
The Panthéon, Paris